Guest contributor, Ilya Kislenko, discusses how big data can revolutionise the healthcare industry.

In the US alone, healthcare costs are surging. In 2017, the spending amounted to $3.5 trillion (€3.2 trillion), with the average hospital stay day valued at $3,949 (€3,658), and the average hospital stay costs at $15,734 (€14,577).

These expenditures are a real burden for patients, insurance companies, and the entire medical system. Although big data has already found a place in finance and marketing, it can be truly life-changing when used in healthcare.

Why is big data a solution for healthcare?

Using big data means collecting vast amounts of structured and unstructured information to identify patterns that can lead to groundbreaking discoveries, such as the cure for cancer or identifying genetic markers responsible for different chronic conditions like diabetes. This could eliminate life-long costs for patients with chronic diseases.

On a global scale, it could help prevent epidemic outbreaks, while on an individual scale it could help advance personalised medicine, which no longer treats the symptoms but the patient. It will shift the medical paradigm from treatment to prevention.

The healthcare app developers from Mbicycle state that the primary sources of big data in healthcare are electronic health records (EHR), public records, patient portals, research studies, government agencies’ data and census, as well as patient-generated data from smartphones and wearables.

With costs rising every year along with the growing percentage of population suffering from various conditions, a new approach is needed. Old solutions are no longer economically viable.

Here are a few apps that use big data and have the potential to bring positive changes to the medical field:

The world of mHealth apps

At the end of 2019, there were about 45,000 mHealth apps available for download. Some of these are simple fitness trackers, while others are patients’ companions or cancer-sign trackers. Here are some examples which are either very popular with users or have the potential to change medicine.

Fitness trackers

Conditions like obesity and cardiac diseases are responsible for more deaths than car crashes. One in four deaths in the US is due to heart problems. This means that adults should keep track of their eating and fitness habits to prevent health issues.

Wearable devices make these monitoring efforts easier, providing a wide range of sensors which measure heartbeats, blood oxygen levels, glucose levels and other vitals. These are fed into the system for the app to process them and give valuable real-time advice, for example, to go heavy on walking or stay hydrated, also helping keep motivation up.

One of the most popular apps in this category is MyFitnessPal, which cross-connects with services from Samsung and Apple HealthKit and other fitness apps like Fitbit or Garmin, acting as a health data hub.

The advice these apps provide is based on the millions of data points they have access to. Big data analysis is used to identify patterns related to the most effective dietary and exercise combinations for each user profile. Although each person is unique, the recommendation engine can find similarities between users and learn from what worked.

Robo-nurses

The advances in natural language processing (NLP) have led to the creation of smart virtual nurses, which can act as companions, show reminders, or provide answers to patients’ concerns.

These apps usually work through popular messaging services like Facebook Messenger or WhatsApp. The app learns about the patient they are caring for, and with the help of big data analysis can identify both positive and negative patterns. Meanwhile, the database is updated with new data about the patient’s health status and mood in real time.

Big data is also useful to create conversational nursing bots, which can help patients feel less lonely and provide them with much-needed answers about their condition in an easy-to-understand language. NLP means that the bots won’t provide canned responses but will have a real conversation, much like a human nurse would.

An example of such a voice-controlled app that integrates well with Google Assistant, Alexa, and Skype is VirtualNurse.

Cancer detection and monitoring apps

The available health records regarding cancer patients provide enough information for machine learning models to create accurate algorithms for most cases. The apps available today allow patients to log their treatments and receive advice on how to manage their condition’s side-effects for a better living.

One of the most useful applications of big data for cancer patients is computer vision. It allows the patients to log their treatment plan by simply taking pictures of prescriptions and medication. Two apps that provide these services are Cancer.Net and CareZone.

Computer vision has also made significant advancements regarding the early identification of tumours by analysing images and comparing the input with large data sets of pre-classified tumours. This way, we can hope to have apps that will pre-diagnose skin cancer as easily as by taking a selfie of the suspected area.

Patient apps

Since people use their phones constantly, making them the central hubs of their lives, it makes sense for doctors to adopt apps to monitor their patients with the help of the smartphone.

Such apps can be natural extensions of the EHR and help patients track their health state over the years, even if they change doctors. The app can hold all personal data and provide tailored advice based on it. By anonymising these records and analysing them in clusters, big data scientists can use them as the training sets for monitoring drug efficiency or try to find new co-morbidities.

Challenges and prospects

The very personal nature of medical information and the associated risks force mHealth apps to either stay on a safer side and offer limited functionality or go through lengthy and complicated approval processes.

There are numerous concerns about patient data privacy and the quality of the advice provided, but these obstacles will be eventually overcome so that our indispensable mobile devices could become digital extensions of our health providers.

The post The Future of Big Data-Powered mHealth Apps appeared first on Artificial Intelligence.

Johannesburg – Medicine will look and be practised differently in the future. Already, digital health and, in particular, artificial intelligence are changing doctors’ jobs. In the not-too-distant future, patients will be at the centre of the healthcare system, with care and management delivered on a “platform”, rather than face to face.

Digitisation in the medical realm is set to create a “patient-centric healthcare system”, according to Ryan Noach, deputy CEO of Discovery Health medical scheme.

Speaking at a two-day Digital Disruption and Innovation conference, hosted at the Gordon Institute of Business Science (Gibs) in Johannesburg from September 12 to 13, Noach said innovation and change management were key factors in improved and digitised healthcare.

“A more patient-centric approach would be characterised by symmetry of information, coordination of care and efficient care pathways within the healthcare sector,” he said.

“Patients should be at the centre of the healthcare system, which means they must be fully informed, empowered and actively involved in decision-making relating to their condition and treatment plans.

“Patients should have easy access to reliable information sources, and care should be coordinated around the patient’s needs.

“This is relative to a fragmented delivery model that exists in most healthcare systems around the world,” explained Noach.

“With a massive and rising investment in digital healthcare innovation, almost 50% of all Discovery Health members’ consultations with general practitioners utilise HealthID, which provides doctors with a more complete view of a patient’s health history and test results.”

Discovery Health incorporates digital disruption into its clients’ lives by using data-driven optimisation and digital product design by providing virtual care and innovation, and by engagement through technology and personalised care digital platforms.

The digital products include wearables in the form of a smart watch that can monitor a patient’s heart rate and blood pressure; a non-physical patient-doctor consultation; and a telemetry app that allows people with diabetes to take their blood glucose level – the reading is recorded from the monitor to their health record, which health professionals can also access to monitor progress.

“Artificial intelligence is changing medical healthcare tremendously through supporting doctors in treatment decisions, through crowdsourced medical data collection and through drug discovery and its efficacy in radiology,” said Noach.

Discovery Health has launched a new digital healthcare and consultation app called DrConnect.

Patients can use it to ask a trusted doctor for medical advice – at any time and from anywhere.

The app also comes with personalised tips, checklists tailored to each patient to help them meet their health goals and the means to book a virtual consultation with their doctor.

“Any registered doctor may use DrConnect, which is completely integrated into HealthID for doctors on the web and on their tablets,” said Noach.

“At this stage, we have about 300 doctors, who we recruited for our pilot phase, on the platform.

“Doctors are not paid to be on the platform, but they may submit claims to the Discovery Health medical scheme for formal virtual consultations which, if accompanied by a clinical note, are paid by the medical scheme at an agreed tariff, according the member’s plan benefits entitlement.”

Noach equated digital disruption with “simplicity, a user-centric experience, robust data security, the championing of digital integration and the assessment of market readiness”.

Digital disruption has also left an indelible mark in the banking sector.

Standard Bank has made strides in the digitisation of its services through creating apps and launching new products, its most recent one being Purple – a disruptive engagement model allowing entrepreneurs and accountants to co-create a digitised banking experience that makes a difference in their businesses.

At the Gibs conference, Khomotso Molabe, executive and head of digital banking, moonshots and ecommerce at Standard Bank Group, said: “At Standard Bank, we think about innovation in a particular way.”

He said the bank used “the 70, 20, 10 rule”, which is quantified as follows:

. 70% is apportioned for innovation within the bank to stay in business;

. 20% is set aside for a radical approach in the drive to be a leader in the banking game; and

. 10% rides on disruption for the purpose of bringing change to banking.

“When a client requests a bank statement, there isn’t always an actual human being on the other end. Our systems use sophisticated robot technology,” he said.

He referred to Standard Bank’s “moonshots approach” as a way of taking a “big problem” and employing a “disruptive solution” and “technology” to resolve it.

In response to the #FeesMustFall campaign, which highlighted the student fee crisis, Standard Bank introduced Feenix in June.

A crowdfunding facility that’s usable on cellphones, Feenix allows cash-strapped students to register on the platform and ask potential donors for assistance.

“Standard Bank facilitates the funds between the students, universities and donors,” said Molabe.

Another demonstration of the bank’s “moonshots approach” was its launch in January of the award-winning Shyft mobile app.

A global digital wallet for Android and iOS, Shyft enables the bank’s clients to conduct international transactions from their smartphones.

Shyft can be used whenever a client needs to buy, spend or send funds in US and Australian dollars, pounds or euros.

Standard Bank relished the benefits of digitised banking, said Molabe.

Alluding to the bank’s strong profits from interim results for the first half of this year, despite tough economic conditions, he attributed its success to rigorous innovation and digitisation.

“Digitisation is at the core of our financial success. In January, we had 500 000 clients on our mobile app.

“By the end of last month, the number had grown to 850 000. Clients are adopting our solutions because we help them solve their problems using their cellphones.”

Standard Bank recognises that, to prepare for the future, it needs to shift the entire organisation from solving banking problems to solving clients’ lifestyle problems using the moonshots approach.

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