Top 40 Linux Commands to Troubleshoot Network Issues

Maruti Kr. — Mon, 29 Jan 2024 11:47:21 +0000

Here are 40 uses of Linux commands for troubleshooting network issues:

S.No.	Command	Command Uses	Example
1.	ping	Checks the accessibility and latency of a network host.	ping google.com
2.	traceroute	Traces the route that packets take to reach a destination host.	traceroute google.com
3.	netstat	Shows network statistics, including open ports and active connections.	netstat -a
4.	dig	Performs DNS lookups to retrieve DNS information about a domain.	dig google.com
5.	nslookup	Queries DNS servers to obtain domain or IP address information.	nslookup google.com
6.	route	Displays and manipulates network routing tables.	route -n
7.	ifconfig	Displays network interface configuration details.	ifconfig
8.	arp	Displays or modifies the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) cache.	arp -a
9.	iwconfig	Configures wireless network interfaces.	iwconfig
10.	ifup	Activates a network interface.	ifup eth0
11.	ifdown	Deactivates a network interface.	ifdown eth0
12.	ssh	Opens an encrypted session to a remote server.	ssh user@remotehost
13.	scp	Copies files securely between hosts using SSH.	`scp file.txt user@remotehost:/path/to/destination`
14.	wget	Downloads files from the web.	`wget https://example.com/file.txt`
15.	curl	Transfers data from or to a server using various protocols.	`curl https://example.com`
16.	iftop	Monitors network bandwidth usage by displaying a list of active connections.	`iftop`
17.	tcpdump	Captures and analyzes network traffic.	`tcpdump -i eth0`
18.	netcat	Established TCP/UDP connections to remote hosts.	`nc remotehost 80`
19.	host	Performs DNS lookups and displays IP address information.	`host google.com`
20.	mtr	Combines the functionality of ping and traceroute.	`mtr google.com`
21.	ethtool	Displays or modifies Ethernet device settings.	`ethtool eth0`
22.	iptables	Configures firewall rules.	`iptables -L`
23.	ss	Displays socket statistics, including open ports and connections.	ss -a`
24.	nmap	Scans ports and discovers network services.	`nmap -p 1-1000 targethost`
25.	route	Adds or deletes default gateways.	route add default gw gatewayip
26.	hostname	Displays or sets the hostname of a Linux system.	hostname
27.	dig +trace	Performs a full DNS resolution trace for a domain.	dig +trace google.com`
28.	tcpdump -n	Captures network traffic and displays IP addresses instead of hostnames.	tcpdump -n
29.	whois	Retrieves domain registration information.	whois google.com
30.	ip addr show	Displays detailed IP address configuration of network interfaces.	ip addr show
31.	ip route show	Displays the routing table of a Linux system.	ip route show
32.	netcat -l -p	Listens for incoming connections on a specific port.	`nc -l -p 1234`
33.	ip link show	Displays the state and properties of network interfaces.	ip link show
34.	systemd-resolve	Resolves domain names and displays DNS information.	systemd-resolve google.com
35.	ip neigh show	Displays the ARP cache table	ip neigh show
36.	tcpdump -i	Captures network traffic on a specific interface.	`tcpdump -i eth0`
37.	iperf	Measures maximum network bandwidth between two hosts.	`iperf -s` (on the receiving end), `iperf -c remotehost` (on the sending end)
38.	dhclient	Obtains an IP address from a DHCP server.	`dhclient eth0`
39.	dig +short	Performs a DNS lookup and outputs only the IP address.	`dig +short google.com`
40.	host -t mx	Retrieves MX (Mail Exchange) records.	`host -t mx google.com`

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Top 40 Linux Commands to Troubleshoot Network Issues