One of the major challenges faced in treating cancer is the constantly changing nature of tumours hence proposed treatment at a particular time may not be effective because tumours become resistant to drugs or proposed treatment.

Artificial Intelligence in a new development has come in useful in predicting how cancers will progress and evolve, and this will go a long way in helping doctors propose the most effective treatment for each patient.

A team led by the Institute of Cancer Research London[ICR] and the University of Edinburgh developed a new technique known as Revolver [Repeated Evolution of Cancer]

This technique notes and selects the system in DNA mutation within cancers and uses the information to predict future genetic changes.

Cancer evolves unpredictably but if doctors can predict how the tumours evolve, they could step in and stop it before it advances or develops and increase the patient’s chances of survival.

The team also discovered a link between a certain pattern of recurrent tumour mutations and survival outcomes.
This indicates that repeating patterns of DNA mutations could be used as a means of prognosis, helping to build future treatment.

The research team developed a new machine learning technique which identifies patterns in genetic mutations that happen in tumours and applying the patterns to predict another.

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A team of scientists at the California Institute of Technology have successfully created a DNA-based neural network capable of performing pattern recognition.

TLDR: The researchers demonstrated that bio-engineered strands of DNA could be used to process data by exploiting chemical reactions. Basically, they made molecular smart soup, poured it into a test tube, and taught it how to recognize nine distinct patterns.

The details: A common task for AI is pattern recognition, and one classic benchmark is teaching computers how to recognize handwriting. In this work, detailed in the team’s white paper, the researchers customized a grid of DNA-based circuits to act as the bits in a digital representation of human handwriting.

In essence, they traced the numerals one through nine with DNA, and created a bio-mechanical neural network. Scientists then input a specific DNA sequence into that network, and the soup fluoresces in specific color arrangements to indicate which pattern it’s reading.

This might be the most jaw-dropping thing we’ve seen since scientists spliced an animated GIF into live bacteria last year.

Looking ahead: The smart soup is more like a broth at this point, but it has the potential to become a full-fledged stew with further development. Eventually, such a neural network could be developed to add AI at the molecular level to, well, everything. Artificially intelligent molecules could be the key to developing invisibility paint or disease-eradicating nanobots  – the possibilities are almost endless.

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